PROTEUS substudy: perioperative apalutamide plus ADT improves event-free survival before RP

RCT · Eur Urol · 2026-11-01. Number 1 in the UrologyWatch Top 5 for November 1, 2026.

In a randomized substudy of high-risk localized/locally advanced prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, adding 1-year perioperative apalutamide plus ADT improved event-free survival versus surgery alone (median not reached vs 19.1 months; 3-year EFS 63% vs 41%).

Why it matters: Supports a perioperative intensification strategy with apalutamide plus ADT around surgery in high-risk localized disease.

Limitation: Open-label randomization with unequal group sizes (1:3); endpoints reported as nominal p-values without multiplicity correction.

Source: Eur Urol · PubMed 42966675 · DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2026.10.016

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